👆 A New York, Susquehanna and Western Railway Alco RS-1 locomotive featuring a special Bicentennial paint scheme, photographed by James P. Marcus.

Few industries have played a larger role in building America than freight rail. So when the United States celebrated its Bicentennial in 1976, it was only fitting that railroads across North America joined the festivities by painting more than 100 locomotives in patriotic colors and designs.

What began as a national celebration quickly became a friendly competition, with railroads unveiling increasingly creative paint schemes that turned everyday locomotives into rolling works of art. Rather than sitting on display, these locomotives traveled across the country in regular freight and passenger service. They brought the celebration directly to communities and became some of the most iconic paint schemes in railroad history—ones which rail fans still talk about today.

Fifty years later, America’s freight railroads are reviving that tradition for the nation’s 250th anniversary. Few industries are as uniquely positioned to celebrate America250—these commemorative locomotives will travel through cities, towns, and rural communities while continuing the essential work of delivering the raw materials, food, energy, and consumer goods that keep America moving. More than just patriotic paint schemes, they are working symbols of an industry that helped build the nation and continues to power its future.

Norfolk Southern’s six commemorative locomotives celebrating a different symbol or chapter of American history. Themes include The Bell, Freedom, Lady Liberty, The Patriot, Stars & Stripes, and The Soaring Eagle. Together, these locomotives recognize the nation’s ideals and the generations of railroaders who have helped build America.

In March, Canadian Pacific Kansas City introduced No. 1776, the first of five planned America250 locomotives. The patriotic design features the opening words of the Declaration of Independence and celebrates the railroad’s role connecting communities and commerce across North America.

Canadian National launched two commemorative locomotives representing the twin themes of Independence and Innovation. No. 1776 features a striking Screaming Eagle design, while No. 2026, inspired by Air Force One, celebrates American ingenuity and technological leadership.

CSX introduced the No. 250 and No. 2026 locomotives. One features a bold Stars and Stripes design, while the other showcases a bald eagle and the message “United We Stand.” The locomotives also recognize CSX’s roots in the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, America’s first common carrier railroad.

Union Pacific’s celebration includes three commemorative locomotives and the return of the legendary Big Boy No. 4014. No. 1776 honors America’s founding, No. 1616 celebrates Union Pacific’s own heritage dating to 1862, and No. 4547 features sweeping American flag artwork. Meanwhile, Big Boy 4014 is making a special East Coast tour as part of the America 250 festivities.